InfoM - Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia Systems

IT audit in modern organizations

2026-01-05T12:36:14+00:00

An IT audit is an examination (verification) and assessment of an organization's information technologies, carried out by personnel with adequate professional knowledge - IT auditors. Conducting an IT audit is a structured, defined process that goes through three key phases: 1) planning the audit engagement, 2) conducting the IT audit engagement, and 3) reporting and monitoring the results of the IT audit. IT auditor certification is an important step in confirming the knowledge and skills that an auditor should possess, and the choice between basic and more advanced certificates provides an opportunity for IT auditors at all levels of knowledge to constantly improve themselves. The advantages of an IT audit are multiple, primarily in modern organizations that base their operations on the advanced and mature information system.

Case study – Application for improving the production of air handling units at Termovent company

2026-01-05T12:38:43+00:00

This paper analyzes the automation of air handling unit production at the company Termovent through the implementation of an application developed within the framework of Industry 4.0. The aim of the paper is to improve the efficiency of air handling unit production by digitizing and automating key manufacturing processes. By using information technologies, manual data entry has been automated, the organization of the air handling unit construction assembly process has been improved, and the management of technical documentation has been facilitated. The paper examines four modules of the application: optimization of profile cutting on the V-cut machine, management of technical documentation, organization of profile placement on transport trolleys, and monitoring the status of profiles on the trolleys. The benefits of automation are analyzed, including error reduction, time savings, and increased productivity. Challenges related to data loading and barcode system flexibility are also identified, along with suggestions for overcoming them. It is concluded that the implementation of automated software solutions contributes to the improvement of production quality and the company’s competitiveness. Further improvements are suggested, including integration with ERP systems and the use of artificial intelligence for data analysis and prediction of potential issues, which would further optimize the production process and enhance business operations within Industry 4.0.

Proposal for Scalabale Service-Oriented Architecture of the System for Automated Database Design

2026-01-05T12:43:12+00:00

This paper presents an overview of the architecture of the existing system for automated database design, developed at the M-lab research laboratory at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Banja Luka. The system consists of four tools that enable automated conceptual database design based on artifacts of different types (business process models, text, and speech). Also, all M-lab tools support other phases of forward engineering of relational databases. The paper presents all 13 system components, where all M-lab tools share several common components. Apart from the overview of the architecture of the current system, the paper presents a proposal for the new scalable service-oriented architecture of the system. The given proposal represents the basis for future research and further system improvements.

Using machine learning for image captioning

2026-01-05T12:39:42+00:00

Modern information systems for e-commerce increasingly integrate product recommendation engines to enhance the user experience. This paper analyzes the application of image captioning techniques based on machine learning, with the goal of generating better recommendations for e-commerce platforms focused on selling clothing. Special attention is given to the limitations of traditional approaches that rely solely on visual similarity between products. Image captions generated by eight different models were evaluated, with large language models performing the best. Subsequently, the proposed solution, which combines the traditional visual similarity approach with semantic similarity analysis of the generated descriptions, was
evaluated across previously defined problems. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and justification of this new approach. Finally, the paper outlines potential directions for future research.

Responsibility toward truth – Ethical standards in the development of AI simulations of historical figures

2026-01-05T12:29:21+00:00

The development of chatbots and digital simulations of historical figures using artificial intelligence opens up a range of ethical, legal, and cultural issues. Although, after 70 years from a person's death, their image and work enter the public domain, allowing their use without the consent of heirs or copyright holders, this fact does not exempt the creators of digital reconstructions from ethical responsibility. The aim of this paper is to explore how the relationship toward historical truth, identity, and cultural heritage is shaped in the age of simulation and generative AI technologies, with a particular focus on the digital representations of Nikola Tesla and Branislav Nušić. These examples are analyzed as relatively positive practices, as they strive to affirm educational values and cultural memory while attempting to remain faithful to the original ideas and styles of the personalities they simulate. The paper also warns of the potential risks of trivialization, superficial interpretation, and misuse of such tools, especially in educational contexts. The study stresses the imperative to institute ethical standards that would govern the development and utilization of AI simulations of historical figures, with particular emphasis on truthfulness, cultural context, and the dignity of the simulated individuals.

LINVAST infrastructure for Language-Invariant Abstract Syntax Trees

2026-01-05T12:37:44+00:00

Tools for static program analysis, i.e., analysis without executing the program, rely on various abstract representations of the program. These representations are created through parsing the program's source code, abstracting, and transforming the results of the parser. As a result, such intermediate representations are tightly coupled with specific programming languages and are therefore incompatible across different languages. This tight coupling of tools with particular languages makes it difficult to develop tools for source-code analysis that are language-independent, and makes it difficult to extend existing tools with support for other programming languages.

This paper presents the LINVAST infrastructure — a common language-invariant source-code abstraction based on abstract syntax trees. LINVAST models syntactic constructs of different programming languages in a uniform way, enabling the creation of tools that operate on source code regardless of the programming language in which the program is written. The LINVAST infrastructure, implemented in the C# programming language, is publicly available and has nearly ten thousand downloads. It currently implements common abstractions for the C, Java, Lua, and Go programming languages.

Sharing economy in sports: Acceptance of P2P platforms for sharing sport equipment

2026-01-05T12:40:58+00:00

The sharing economy (SE) is a business model based on digital platforms that enable direct peer-to-peer (P2P) exchanges of resources or services, focusing on the temporary use of underutilised resources rather than ownership. This model has transformed industries such as hospitality, transportation, and freelancing, while new opportunities are emerging in various sectors, where the sector of sport and sport equipment is of high interest. Sharing economy platforms in sport sector, such as Equip Sport and Spinlister, facilitate equipment rentals, shared use of stadiums, and connections between athletes and coaches. Considering that these platforms do not operate in Serbia, the acceptance of such platforms remains largely unexplored. This study examines the potential of P2P sports equipment rental platforms in Serbia using a modified UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) model. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to validate the proposed conceptual model. The aim of the study is to quantify interest in these platforms, highlight their potential to reduce financial barriers to sports participation, and explore the factors which impact the intention to use such platforms. By offering practical recommendations, the study can serve as a guide for startups and businesses entering the Serbian market. It also contributes to the understanding of the sharing economy model in the Balkans, where SE platforms are still in their early stages. The may serve as a foundation for regulatory, entrepreneurial, and academic initiatives in this domain.

Speech synthesis and recognition systems (TTS, STT): Application in the sound search engine of the university library “svetozar markovic”

2026-01-05T12:41:55+00:00

This paper addresses the topics of speech synthesis technology (text-to-speech — TTS) and speech recognition technology (speech-to-text — STT), with a focus on their application in the sound search engine of the University Library “Svetozar Marković”. The introductory section elaborates on the subject both theoretically and from a historical perspective, starting with mechanical devices from the 18th century, such as Kratzenstein’s vocal tract model from 1779, up to modern systems based on artificial intelligence and deep learning. The development of these technologies for the Serbian language is also mentioned, from the first systems in the mid-1980s to today’s solutions. The paper describes the implementation of a search engine for audio recordings from the University Library’s YouTube channel, which uses Whisper JAX technology for speech recognition, achieving recognition accuracy of over 90%. The processes of metadata collection, speech transcription, data processing, and storage in a Lucene/Solr-based database are described in detail. The system enables searching transcribed content with support for finding similar words using Levenshtein distance, which increases search efficiency despite possible errors in speech recognition. Challenges such as the lack of temporal subject descriptors in metadata and the dependence of recognition quality on the quality of the source recording are also discussed. The conclusion is that the developed system is a useful tool that facilitates access to the library’s audiovisual content, with plans for further development and expansion of its functionality.

Time series analysis of shared moped usage: A case study of Valencia

2026-01-05T12:37:05+00:00

The concept of transport sharing is a logistics strategy that involves the multiple use of transport resources by individuals, organizations, or clients. The goal of this approach is to achieve economic efficiency, reduce operational costs and improve the overall sustainability of the transport system. In the European cities, especially in Valencia, moped sharing shows significant growing trends under the influence of various factors, such as seasonal changes and weather conditions. The focus of the research is the time series analysis of moped usage in Valencia from July 5, 2021, to June 24, 2024. We analyzed weekly data from the three leading companies in Valencia provided by Fluctuo. The goal was to identify key trends and influences that shape the use of these services. The methodological procedure includes the time series analysis using four different SARIMA models with external regressors, to assess seasonal variations and determine the influence of external factors on the use of mopeds. The results showed that seasonal changes and festivals have a significant influence on moped usage.